PathoSage Citrate Buffer is intended for in vitro diagnostics (IVD) use in immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Heat-Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections prior to antibody application. HIER is used to unmask antigenic epitopes that may be masked during formalin fixation and paraffin embedding. This process enhances epitope availability and improves the specificity and intensity of antibody staining.